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John D. Rockefeller, Jr.
John Davison Rockefeller, Jr. (January 29, 1874 – May 11, 1960) was an American financer and philanthropist who was a prominent member of the Rockefeller family. He was the only son among the five children of Standard Oil co-founder John D. Rockefeller and the father of the five famous Rockefeller brothers. In biographies, he is commonly referred to as "Junior" to distinguish him from his father, "Senior".
==Early life==
Rockefeller was the fifth and last child of Standard Oil co-founder John Davison Rockefeller, Sr. (1839—1937) and schoolteacher Laura Celestia "Cettie" Spelman (1839—1915). His four older sisters were Elizabeth (Bessie) (1866–1906), Alice (who died an infant) (1869–1870), Alta (1871–1962), and Edith (1872–1932). Living in his father's mansion at 4 West 54th Street he attended Park Avenue Baptist Church at 64th Street (now Central Presbyterian Church), and the Browning School, a tutorial establishment set up for him and other children of associates of the family; it was located in a brownstone owned by the Rockefellers, on West 55th Street. His father John Sr. and uncle William Avery Rockefeller, Jr. (1841—1922) co-founded Standard Oil together.
Initially he had intended to go to Yale University but was encouraged by William Rainey Harper, president of the University of Chicago, among others, to enter the Baptist-oriented Brown University instead. Nicknamed "Johnny Rock" by his roommates, he joined both the Glee and the Mandolin Clubs, taught a Bible class and was elected junior class president. Scrupulously careful with money, he stood out as different from other rich men's sons.〔Details of Brown University days - see Bernice Kert, ''Abby Aldrich Rockefeller: The Woman in the Family''. New York: Random House, 1993. (pp.62-3)〕
In 1897 he graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Arts, after taking nearly a dozen courses in the social sciences, including a study of Karl Marx's ''Das Kapital''. He joined the Alpha Delta Phi fraternity, and was elected to Phi Beta Kappa.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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